With interest rates at all time lows many homeowners are wondering if it may be a good idea to refinance their mortgage and are surprised at the size of the penalty they have to pay. These large penalties charged by your bank are because of mortgage penalty calculation call IRD. Most mortgage lenders charge a penalty which is either 3 months interest or an Interest Rate Differential whichever is greater.
What Does Interest Rate Differential - IRD Mean?
A differential measuring the gap in interest rates between two similar interest-bearing assets. Traders in the foreign exchange market use interest rate differentials (IRD) when pricing forward exchange rates. Based on the interest rate parity, a trader can create an expectation of the future exchange rate between two currencies and set the premium (or discount) on the current market exchange rate futures contracts.
Investopedia explains Interest Rate Differential - IRD
The IRD is a key component of the carry trade. For example, say an investor borrows US$1,000 and converts the funds into British pounds, allowing the investor to purchase a British bond. If the purchased bond yields 7% while the equivalent U.S. bond yields 3%, then the IRD equals 4% (7-3%). The IRD is the amount the investor can expect to profit using a carry trade. This profit is ensured only if the exchange rate between dollars and pounds remains constant.
WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR ME AND MY MORTGAGE?
This usually means the difference between the interest rate on your mortgage contract compared to the rate at which the lending institution can re-lend the money.
For example:
-If your mortgage has a balance of $125,000 at 9.25%,
you have 2 years left to go and the current 2 year mortgage rate is 6.25%.
-Then the lending institution will probably charge you -
$125,000 X 24 months X 3% (9.25 - 6.25) = $7,266.21
However, just to further confuse the issue, the penalty above has not been present valued. This is when a lender charges a lower penalty because you are paying all of the ‘extra’ interest (in the example 3%) now, not over the remaining term. Some lenders present value, other lenders do not.
